【原创翻译】中国拒绝美菲提议“冻结”南海挑衅行动

发表于 2014-8-5 18:22

本帖最后由 ylj 于 2014-8-5 18:26 编辑

　　http://thediplomat.com/2014/08/c ... th-china-sea-moves/

　　中国拒绝美菲提议“冻结”南海挑衅行动

　　一位中国官员驳斥了美国和菲律宾呼吁的冻结在争议海域的挑衅举动。

　　由香农·蒂耶兹

　　2014年8月5日

　　路透社报道,一位中国官员拒绝了美国和菲律宾所支持的计划——“冻结”在南海的挑衅行动。中国外交部边界和海洋事务司的副司长易先良称,在周一对记者发表的评论中该提案无用的。易先良进一步认为,拟议的冻结会破坏有关中国-东盟南海行为准则的谈判。

　　美国早在7月中旬就明确表示,它相信冻结挑衅行动将有助于处理南海问题。美国东亚和太平洋事务司国务卿副助理迈克尔·福克斯同样对华盛顿战略与国际研究中心的一名观众说了许多。福克斯在关于南海问题的年会上表示,美国呼吁所有申索国“自愿澄清并同意冻结某些使纠纷升级和导致不稳定的行动。”

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　　他解释说,最终将由申索国决定哪些行为会被包括在冻结计划中,同时他也提到几种可能性:不设新的前哨站,不再夺取新的领土,不进行建筑和土地开垦(除去“日常维护作业”的例外)。福克斯认为,“这种自愿冻结的自我约束将为中国-东盟行为准则的谈判创建一个有利积极的氛围,并且将大大降低发生危险事件的风险。”

　　菲律宾已经开始呼吁自愿冻结,官员说他们计划在9月缅甸举行的东盟峰会上提出这个建议(料想他们会在本周末的东盟地区论坛上提出这个问题)。另据《菲律宾星报》,菲律宾外交部长艾伯特·戴尔·罗萨里奥称，提议的冻结是具有“建设性”和“积极性的”。他还说,其他国家对此计划也表示欢迎。

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　　冻结将是马尼拉提出的“三重行动计划”的第一步,这个计划制定了一个框架，从短期,中期和长期三方面来处理南海的紧张局势。菲律宾并没有设想冻结为一项新措施,而只是作为一种澄清，而这种行动已经被2002年的《东盟与中国在南海行为宣言》所禁止。根据该协议,中国和东盟成员国同意“避免使争端复杂化或升级且影响和平与稳定的行为，双方都保持自我约束。”

　　然而,易先良说,围绕“冻结”的谈判会破坏更重要的任务——完成南海行为准则谈判,因为冻结会被视为是取代了正式的南海行为准则。他还公开反对他所称的“双重标准”，针对中国南海建设和改造项目。“为什么当其他国家肆意建造机场时,却没有人说一句话?而中国今年才开始作必要的小型建设,提高岛上生活条件,却遭到很多人的质疑。”路透社援引易先良的话。

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　易先良的言论表明,中国打算开展其在南海的建设活动。“没有人可以改变政府的立场”。他进一步驳斥道，美国支持冻结是一种干涉行为,它应该让直接参与的各方来处理这个问题。“相信我们亚洲人能够使用自己的手段和智慧来解决自己的问题,”易先良说。

　　事实上,美国支持冻结可能已经扼杀了中国同意这一提议的任何机会。为《南华早报》写作、海南国家南海研究所的马克瓦伦西亚指出,中国“断然拒绝了这个想法(冻结),”因为这一提议来自华盛顿。因为冻结得到了菲律宾和美国的支持,中国认为其条款(尚未协商)会损害中国领土主张方面的利益。

　　原文：

　　China Rejects Proposed ‘Freeze’ on Provocative South China Sea Moves

　　A Chinese official dismissed the U.S. and Philippines’ call for a freeze on provocative moves in disputed maritime areas.

　　By Shannon Tiezzi The Diplomat

　　August 05, 2014

　　A Chinese official rejected a U.S. and Philippine-backed plan for a “freeze” on provocative actions in the South China Sea, Reutersreports. Yi Xianliang, the deputy director of the Boundary and Ocean Affairs Department in China’s Foreign Ministry, called the proposal unhelpful in comments to reporters on Monday. Yi further argued that the proposed freeze would undermine negotiations on a China-ASEAN code of conduct in the South China Sea.

　　The U.S. made it clear back in mid-July that it believes a freeze on provocative actions would be helpful in the South China Sea. Michael Fuchs, a deputy assistant secretary of state in the East Asian and Pacific Affairs bureau, said as much to an audience at CSIS in Washington, DC. Fuchs, speaking at an annual conference on South China Sea issues, said that the U.S. had called for all claimant states “to clarify and agree to voluntarily freeze certain actions and activities that escalate the disputes and cause instability.”

　　He explained that deciding what particular actions would be included in the freeze “would ultimately be up to the claimants,” but mentioned several possibilities: no new outposts, no new seizure of territories, and no construction or land reclamation (minus an exception for “routine maintenance operations”). Fuchs argued that “exercising self-restraint via this type of voluntary freeze would create a conducive and positive environment for negotiations on a China-ASEAN Code of Conduct and dramatically lower the risk of a dangerous incident.”

　　The Philippines has since taken up the call for a voluntary freeze, with officials saying they plan to present such a proposal at the September ASEAN Summit to be held in Myanmar (they are also supposed to raise the issue at the ASEAN Regional Forum this weekend). According to the Philippine Star, Philippine Foreign Affairs Secretary Albert del Rosario called the proposed freeze “constructive” and “positive.” He also said that other countries welcomed the initiative.

　　The freeze would be the first step of Manila’s proposed “Triple Action Plan,” which lays out a framework for dealing with South China tensions in the short term, medium term, and long term. The Philippines envisions the freeze not as a new measure, but as a clarification of what actions are already proscribed under the 2002 ASEAN-China Declaration of Conduct on the South China Sea. Under that agreement, China and ASEAN members agreed “to exercise self-restraint in the conduct of activities that would complicate or escalate disputes and affect peace and stability.”

　　Yi Xianlang, however, said that negotiations over a “freeze” would undermine the more important task of finalizing a code of conduct in the South China Sea, as the freeze could be seen as replacing a formal CoC. He also spoke out against what he called a “double standard” toward construction and reclamation projects in the South China Sea. “Why is it that when other countries wantonly build airports, nobody says a word? But China has only this year started small and necessary construction, to raise living conditions on the islands — and so many people raise doubts,” Reutersquoted Yi as saying.

　　Yi’s comments make it clear that China intends to carry out its construction activities in the South China Sea. “Nobody can change the government’s position,” Yi said. He further dismissed U.S. support for a proposed freeze as interference, saying the U.S. should let directly involved parties handle the issue. “Trust in us Asian people to use Asian means and wisdom to resolve our own problems,” Yi said.

　　Indeed, U.S. support for the freeze may have killed any chance of China agreeing to the proposal. Writing for the South China Morning Post,Mark Valencia of the Nautilus Institute and Hainan’s National Institute for South China Sea Studies notes that China “rejected the idea [of a freeze] outright” because the proposal came from Washington. Because the freeze was backed by the Philippines and the U.S., China assumes its provisions (which have yet to be negotiated) would be detrimental to China’s interest in furthering its territorial claims.

发表于 2014-8-5 20:50

狗日的菲猴子越猴子咋还不放赤瓜礁新图，太懒惰了。。。

发表于 2014-8-7 21:46

我们说冻结的时候不冻结，现在喊起来了。呵呵，国家利益，兔子的钢牙不能松！

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